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 ARCANA.............................................................................................................3
'right' to a definable amount of income is irrelevant. I do not believe that the niceties and  arcana  of 926
rejected private law, sometimes in very strong terms: we will not be bound by the  arcana  of 2028
"I do not believe that the niceties and  arcana  of ancient property law should be fastened upon with 2938
 
 ARCHER-............................................................................................................1
The decision is  Archer-  Shee is also important for a second reason. In finding liability to tax in this 2678
 
 ARCHER-SHEE........................................................................................................20
The leading case in this area is  Archer-Shee  v. Baker, a decision of the House of Lords. In 2588
securities. Frances was married to Sir Martin  Archer-Shee , who was assessed under the British 2594
United Kingdom. In short, Sir Martin  Archer-Shee  was liable only if the funds paid into the New 2604
Mr. Maugham says that she (the Lady  Archer-Shee ) has no interest specifically in the stocks, 2608
of Lady  Archer-Shee  based on private law principles was clear. This, however, did not necessarily 2664
the Trust Company of New York to the order of Lady  Archer-Shee , the Respondent's wife, at 2668
case, the House of Lords also held, in effect, that Lady  Archer-Shee  was the beneficial owner of 2678
Of some significance is that Lady  Archer-Shee  was the sole income beneficiary of a fixed trust 2696
 Archer-Shee  was nonetheless applied by the Supreme Court of Canada in in Minister of 2700
 Archer-Shee  v. Baker strongly supports this view. 2720
Rand and Estey J., dissented on the tax effect of the intervening trust and whether  Archer-Shee  2730
of the underlying securities. That was not present in  Archer-Shee . He also stressed the enormous 2732
not, in circumstances such as existed in  Archer-Shee , destroy the identity of the dividends or 2738
M.N.R. v. Trans-Canada Investment Corporation Ltd. carries  Archer-Shee  to the furthest limit it has 2742
After citing Syme,  Archer-Shee , and Trans-Canada Investment Corporation Ltd., Thurlow, J. stated 2770
 Archer-Shee  v. Baker, A.C. (H.L.). This decision has received mixed support in 2922
Investment Corp. Ltd. S.C.R. , D.L.R. (S.C.C.).  Archer-Shee  was also cited in Pan 2924
income generated by a trust of which heshe is a beneficiary. See  Archer-Shee  v. Baker, A.C. 3054
the same as in U.K.. As a result the Lady  Archer-Shee  could not be considered the beneficial owner of the 3366
S.C.R. , D.L.R. . Archer-Shee  was also cited in Pan American Trust Co. V. 3368
 
 AREA...............................................................................................................5
of uses (trusts). The Chancellor's role in this  area  dates back as early as , and was critical to 338
the uniformity of jurisprudence in this  area . He states as follows: 654
decision has been widely criticized as confusing the law in this  area , and mercifully has not been 962
An extensive review of case law in this  area  is required to provide a complete answer to the 1226
The leading case in this  area  is Archer-Shee v. Baker, a decision of the House of Lords. In 2588
 
 AREAS..............................................................................................................1
Whether this expanded meaning extends to other  areas  of the law or even other tax statutes where 672
 
 ARGUABLY...........................................................................................................2
context could also  arguably  include shares that are beneficially owned within the meaning of that 1840
commonly understood)  arguably  occurs. The change occurs because the trustee is considered in 2056
 
 ARGUE..............................................................................................................1
 argue  that the rights are in personam would claim? If the latter advocates are correct, does the 1996
 
 ARGUED.............................................................................................................8
The appellants  argued  before the Supreme Court that there was a distinction between (i) the mere 696
meaning to be attributed to the words 'beneficially entitled' in that Act. The taxpayers  argued  that 758
applied. Rand J.  argued  that the respondent trust corporation was entitled only to a fractional part 2732
See Willis v. MNR, Carswell Nat , Tax A.B.C. where it was  argued  that the 3008
them, it has been  argued  that there is an ability to tax beneficiaries with respect to the assets of a trust or 3052
See Willis v. MNR, Carswell Nat , Tax A.B.C. where it was  argued  that the 3108
newspaper in section . It was  argued  by the taxpayer that the trustee beneficially owns trust property in 3290
See Willis v. MNR, Carswell Nat , Tax A.B.C. where it was  argued  that the 3322
 
 ARGUMENT...........................................................................................................12
expression are found and credible legal  argument  leads to a conclusion that multiple persons may 42
thus negating an  argument  that this was a bare trust. Other tax decisions have also examined 1136
beneficial ownership, as used in this context, is based on a potential legal  argument  that the 1720
arrangement, a plausible legal  argument  is that the trustee is the beneficial owner in this context.1722
example, it would be the basis for legal  argument  about whether a corporation is a CCPC 1990
 argument  which carries him home in this case. Of the correctness of the proposition generally 2610
pays it. I do not understand that so far there was any contest. The Appellant's  argument  is that 2648
led to the  argument  that the beneficiary has a right in rem with respect to trust property.2830
court did not accept this  argument . 3010
court did not accept this  argument . 3110
determining whether the ownership requirements under that section were met. This is the legal  argument  3292
court did not accept this  argument . 3326
 
 ARGUMENTS..........................................................................................................1
Rowlett J. outlined the  arguments  of both parties succinctly, 2608
 
 ARISE..............................................................................................................2
resolving the very different questions that  arise  under subsection (l) of the Income Tax Act.952
of a discretionary trust. This CBCA definition implies that beneficial ownership may  arise  in these 1236
 
 ARISEN.............................................................................................................2
enjoyment of the trust assets is to be viewed for tax purposes. This issue has  arisen  under a 2584
In Canada, the issue has  arisen  under both Succession Duty legislation, as well as the Income 3352
 
 ARISES.............................................................................................................1
property  arises  both when the words beneficial ownerownership or owned are used as well as 2010
 
 ARISING............................................................................................................5
Beneficial interest, also defined in section , means an interest  arising  out of the beneficial 1216
 arising  out of beneficial ownership. In my view this definition is much narrower than the general 1310
"beneficial interest" means an interest  arising  out of the beneficial ownership of securities;1458
York Bank account were income  arising  from securities. 2606
give her the income  arising  therefrom, according to the trust. Her interest is that of equity and it 2614
 
 ARM................................................................................................................4
related affiliated, or at  arm s length? 172
related, affiliated, or at  arm s length? The answer to each of these questions 1590
 arm s length if the taxpayer, or any person not dealing at arms length with the taxpayer, would 2234
arms length if the taxpayer, or any person not dealing at  arm s length with the taxpayer, would 2234
 
 ARM'S..............................................................................................................5
particular person, a person not dealing at  arm's  length with the person, a controlled foreign affiliate, 906
dealing at  arm's  length with the beneficiary, owned in total less than of the issued 1858
particular person, a person not dealing at  arm's  length with the other person, a controlled foreign 2076
at  arm's  length for no consideration or for consideration less than the fair market value of the 2188
and for those purposes, a particular trust is deemed not to deal at  arm's  length with another 2190
 
 AROSE..............................................................................................................3
or an estate that  arose  on and as a consequence of the death of an individual) in the year or 2202
of whether the beneficiary also had rights to or an interest in specific trust  arose , and, in particular, 2548
which  arose  only from looseness of language and forgetfulness of Maitlands axiom, unless the case was 3362
 
 ARRANGEMENT........................................................................................................23
trust or subsection ()  arrangement  (discussed below) would be considered the beneficial 208
- A beneficiary of a trust described in a subsection ()  arrangement  is also considered to 210
trust is deemed not to include an  arrangement  under which the trust can reasonably be 212
with all of the trust property. This would include a trust  arrangement  involving beneficiaries other 214
.There may also be more than one beneficiary under a subsection ()  arrangement , resulting 218
of trust property. The term a 'bare trust' is generally used to describe a trust  arrangement  in which 576
to call for the trust property at any time. This form of trust  arrangement  is often used by a 578
Aside from a bare trust  arrangement , determining who is the beneficial owner of trust property can 584
'beneficially interested' where, under the terms or conditions of the trust or any  arrangement , the 904
trust or subsection ()  arrangement  (discussed below) would be considered the beneficial 1634
A beneficiary of a trust described in a subsection ()  arrangement  is also considered 1638
provides that a trust is deemed not to include an  arrangement  under which the trust can 1640
all dealings with all of the trust property. This would include a trust  arrangement  involving 1642
 arrangement , resulting in a number of taxpayers being viewed together as the beneficial owner(s).1646
 arrangement . It would also appear that the meaning of beneficial ownership in these provisions 1712
 arrangement , a plausible legal argument is that the trustee is the beneficial owner in this context.1722
as beneficial owner, if held through a bare trust, agency or subsection ()  arrangement , and 1838
is a bare trust, subsection ()  arrangement , or a resulting or constructive trust, the beneficial 2038
beneficially interested where, under the terms or conditions of the trust or any  arrangement , the 2074
(ii) because of the terms or conditions of the particular trust or any  arrangement  in respect of 2224
Ms. Walser provides as an example of this point the following swap  arrangement . A treaty 3174
swap  arrangement  with a resident of a non treaty country under which he agrees to pay the non treaty 3178
of a bare, resulting, or constructive trust, or more recently, under a subsection ()  arrangement .3272

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