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 ARRANGEMENTS.......................................................................................................6
beyond former  arrangements  that were considered to be bare trusts under Technical News 216
 arrangements , self-benefit and Q.D. trusts remain subject to subdivision k.228
any asset can now be transferred to a trust. Thus trust  arrangements  evolved far beyond what 418
Act considerably beyond former  arrangements  that were considered to be bare trusts under 1644
 arrangements , self-benefit and Q.D. trusts remain subject to subdivision k.1656
subsection ()  arrangements  were introduced in it was not claimed that the new provision intended 3208
 
 ARTICLE............................................................................................................5
expression beneficial owner is not a term that needs defining under  Article  but rather should be 1414
See OECD Model Treaty  Article  () Double Taxation Conventions, Kluwer Law and Tax 3148
OECD Model Convention, Commentary to  Article  , para.. 3150
Technical Explanation,  Article  ,. This definition is included in paragraph of the protocol of the U.S.-3158
context of its domestic law under  Article  (), anomalous results may occur. See for example Tillinghurst, 3186
 
 ARTICLES...........................................................................................................3
 Articles  - of the OECD Model Treaty address the taxation of dividends, interest and 1334
 Articles  (), () and () of the UN Model treaty also refer to the beneficial owner of the 3144
When the dividend, interest and royalty  articles  of existing U.S. treaties were negotiated and ratified, the 3154
 
 ASCERTAIN..........................................................................................................2
 ascertain  the circumstances in which the trust will NOT be considered the owner for some tax 266
 ascertain  the circumstances in which the trust will NOT be considered the owner for some tax 1692
 
 ASCERTAINED........................................................................................................1
specifically  ascertained , the respondents wife was sole beneficial owner of the interest and 2684
 
 ASCERTAINING.......................................................................................................2
indirectly by making it clear that the corporate veil is to be ignored for the purpose of  ascertaining  1302
 ascertaining  a meaning for the words beneficial owner, beneficial ownership, or beneficially 2526
 
 ASPECIFIED.........................................................................................................1
 Aspecified  beneficiary of the trust for the year) who, in the calendar year ending in the year, 2100
 
 ASPECTS............................................................................................................2
formal, if the owner is fettered in regard to both  aspects  either in law or in fact. On the other hand, 1386
deems the income to be income form property .However, some  aspects  of the character of dividends 3376
 
 ASSENT.............................................................................................................1
proprietor of a property as the person in whom (with his or her  assent ) it is for the time being 2874
 
 ASSERT.............................................................................................................2
claim to beneficial entitlement which it can  assert . There is nothing in the particular statute or in 800
the cestui is able to  assert  an equitable ownership of the trust property against almost all the 1092
 
 ASSERTS............................................................................................................1
 asserts  that the cestui que trust has a right in rem, i.e. that he is the equitable owner of the trust 1060
 
 ASSESSABLE.........................................................................................................1
husband was  assessable  on the trust income. Lord Carson said: 2680
 
 ASSESSED...........................................................................................................3
owned by the deceased's grandchildren. When Mr. Jodrey died, duty was  assessed  against the 754
securities. Frances was married to Sir Martin Archer-Shee, who was  assessed  under the British 2594
was the sole beneficiary might avoid being  assessed  on a disposition of the property at the time of transfer.3306
 
 ASSESSING..........................................................................................................2
This conclusion is reached as a consequence of both case law , and the CCRAs  assessing  3196
The CCRAs  assessing  position with respect to so called protective trusts as described in 3304
 
 ASSET..............................................................................................................3
any  asset  can now be transferred to a trust. Thus trust arrangements evolved far beyond what 418
underlying  asset . The intent was to prevent an intermediary, such as an agent or nominee, from 1394
meaning of beneficial ownership by looking to the  asset  that the beneficiary clearly owns (that 1914
 
 ASSETS.............................................................................................................41
trust  assets  is. There may be multiple beneficiaries. These beneficiaries may have vested or 122
real' or 'beneficial owner' of trust  assets  is. There may be multiple beneficiaries. These 424
interest in specific trust  assets , again for tax purposes. Common to all of these examples is 588
for and recover' the estate  assets . It perhaps has the power, through its share control, to compel 798
rights to  assets  of an estate. In that case McQuaid J. stated "he who is beneficially entitled to any 832
considered 'beneficially entitled' to the  assets  held by its wholly-owned subsidiary. The extended 846
trust but not a 'beneficial entitlement' to the trust  assets  (unless the trustee exercises discretion in 868
discretionary trust did not have a 'beneficial interest in  assets  held in trust' for the purposes of the 886
, liquid  assets  test in regulation under the Ontario Family Benefits Act. 888
a possible object of a discretionary power of appointment has an interest in the trust  assets  even 920
therefore, be regarded as either a beneficial owner or beneficially entitled to estate  assets . 1036
The most that can be said is that the beneficiary has a beneficial interest in the  assets  of the 1036
may also beneficially own or have an interest in specific trust  assets . However, this view has 1058
trust  assets , except as a short form for describing the right of the beneficiary to enforce the terms 1120
may have a beneficial interest in, or beneficial ownership of, specific trusts  assets .1130
owner of trust  assets  is, or the issue of when a beneficiary might be viewed as having an interest in 1148
the former debate about who the beneficial owner of  assets  of a bare trust is, a debate finally 1150
but not a beneficial entitlement to the trust  assets  (unless the trustee exercises discretion in that 1170
that a beneficiary of a trust beneficially owns trust  assets . Even if one accepts that a beneficiary 1234
of the trust  assets , a point that not well settled in Canadian law. The wording could also apply 1276
principle is that a company is not the beneficial owner of the  assets  of its own subsidiary and that 1288
a shareholder has no proprietary interest in the  assets  of a company in which he holds shares, 1288
Succession Duty Act) to the  assets  of its subsidiary by virtue of its total control over the 1292
decide whether or not a yield should be realized -i.e. whether the capital or other  assets  should be 1384
not the capital or other  assets  should be used or made available for use by others or () on how the 1388
being the beneficiarys interest in the trust), rather than to the underlying trust  assets .1914
specific interest in trust  assets  for some tax purposes, andor obiter by that court that the 2004
but not a beneficial entitlement to the trust  assets  (unless the trustee exercises discretion in that 2276
differently, Does a beneficiary have an interest in specific trust  assets ? 2550
trust  assets . The debate has been further fueled by the position adopted by various authors that 2558
are viewed as both personal against the trustee and proprietary with respect to trust  assets  2570
enjoyment of the trust  assets  is to be viewed for tax purposes. This issue has arisen under a 2584
the beneficiary has no proprietary right to specific  assets  in the trust. 2698
trust  assets  for the purpose of tracing the source of trust income. It is unsatisfactory in that 2744
beneficiary will be considered to beneficially own or hold a specific interest in trust  assets  for tax 2752
an interest in specific trust  assets . In Shortt, the court also assumed the two appellants were each 2760
beneficiary is considered to have a specific interest in or to beneficially own trust  assets  is 2800
unadministered estate to recover estate  assets . 2852
an unadministered estate to recover estate  assets . 3042
them, it has been argued that there is an ability to tax beneficiaries with respect to the  assets  of a trust or 3052
trust. However the Act treats it as a separate patrimony of  assets  distinct from the trustees personal 3104
 
 ASSISTANCE.........................................................................................................5
Neither of these decisions may be of any  assistance , however, in determining the meaning of the 516
 assistance . 910
taxing provisions under consideration I do not regard them as applicable or of  assistance  in 952
on behalf of the trust or provided any other form of financial  assistance . 2080
latter can do is to claim the  assistance  of a Court of Equity to enforce the trust and to compel the 2644
 
 ASSISTED...........................................................................................................4
(b)(ii) property that the loan or indebtedness enabled or  assisted  the particular individual, or the 2110
which no doubt  assisted  in the finding by the House of Lords. The decision has been roundly 2696
Lee,  assisted  by Peter McDermott, Principles of The Law of Trusts, rd ed. (Sydney: L.B.C. Information 2850
and W.A. Lee,  assisted  by Peter McDermott, Principles of The Law of Trusts, rd ed. (Sydney: L.B.C. 3040
 
 ASSOCIATE..........................................................................................................1
" associate ", in respect of a relationship with a person, means 1446
 
 ASSOCIATED.........................................................................................................3
trust for purposes of the  associated  corporation rules; and clause ()(e)(iii)(B) which deems ownership of 3238
which deem a beneficiary to own shares held by a trust for purposes of the  associated  corporation rules. 3258
in the context of the  associated  corporation rules. 3304
 
 ASSOCIATION........................................................................................................1
 Association , () Kluwer Law, London, at . 3174
 
 ASSUME.............................................................................................................1
words beneficially owns, directly or indirectly as used in this context is unclear. I  assume  that 1274
 
 ASSUMED............................................................................................................7
However, if the trust is to be ignored, it can probably be  assumed  that the beneficiary of a bare 206
ownership; he is just 'the owner' and that he owns it for himself is just  assumed .480
the meaning  assumed  as self-evident. It is perhaps for this reason that encountering a discussion 606
Canadian context this resort to Canadian domestic law is simply  assumed . See for example, 1352
However, if the trust is to be ignored, it can probably be  assumed  that the beneficiary of a bare 1634
described in subparagraph (.)(b)(ii) (self benefit trust). Beneficial ownership is  assumed  to 1760
an interest in specific trust assets. In Shortt, the court also  assumed  the two appellants were each 2760

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